Design & Desire in the Twentieth Century
A.M. Cassandre: Master of the Twentieth Century Poster
“Designing a poster means solving a technical and commercial problem….in a language that can be understood by the common man”. –
Before A.M. Cassandre
A.M. Cassandre was one of Twentieth Century Europe’s most influential graphic designers and illustrators. Born on January 24, , as Adolphe Jean-Marie Mouron to French parents living at the time in Kharkov, Ukraine. (1) “He spent his childhood years living and roaming between Russia and France, before he finally moved to Paris with his parents in ” (2) due to the political unrest in Ukraine at the time. (3) As a young man in Paris Cassandre studied at École des Beaux-Arts and at the Académie Julian. (1)
Portrait of A. M. Cassandre (c. ). Photographer unknown. Image source.
Cassandre’s Early Career
In Paris during the s, advertising posters were extraordinarily popular, and Cassandre had no trouble finding employment with a poster printer. While the designer took his inspiration from Cubism and Surrealism which were the predominant artistic movements of the period, he was a leader in the Art Deco movement, which
BIOGRAPHY DRE
- Is born to Kharkov ( Russian Empire until Kharkiv to day - Ukraine) and spends his childhood until the First War in Russia. - Studies to the Academy Julian with Lucien Simon, where he paints paintings in the style of Cezanne, Academy of "la Grande Chaumiere", "Atelier libre" of Montparnasse. To live, he takes a work to the printing office Hachard.
- He begins to follow the works of Bauhaus.
- He signs his first advertising works of Cassandre's pen name (Margarine Sacac, Pastas Garres).
- "Au Bucheron", the big synthetic composition which brings him the celebrity, and is worth to him the big price of the International Exhibition of the decorative arts of
- Sign a contract with Hachard and Cie who will publish his posters until
- He begins to work for Maurice Moyrand, agent of the printing office of Danel in Lille. During this very fertile period, he theorizes about " the art of the street: the poster art offers to the painter the means to find the contact lost with a wide public. "
- Beginning of his searches on the space
A.M. Cassandre, France
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Henrion wrote: ‘Cassandre was the greatest and most influential poster designer of this century.’ Adolphe Mouron left the Ukraine in for France and studied briefly at the École des Beaux-Arts and the Académie Julian. Cassandre was his artistic pseudonym. In –36 he produced an enormous and stunning range of posters for clients in France, the Netherlands and Great Britain. A painter at heart, he was strongly influenced by Derain and Léger. Cassandre called posters a kind of telegram between the company and the public. His work was powerful and lyrical at the same time.
He also worked for the theatre and became a teacher. After a retrospective exhibition at NY MoMA, he signed a contract with Harper’s Bazaar and spent two winters in New York. Influenced by Balthus in , he then devoted much of his energy to painting. Cassandre made three exclusive typefaces for his friend Charles Peignot: Acier, Bifur and Peignot. In he created typefaces for Olivetti. He became an Officier de la Légion d’Honneur inDesign work by A.M. Cassandre
Henrion wrote: ‘Cassandre was the greatest and most influential poster designer of th
A.M. Cassandre
A student of the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, France, Adolphe Mouron Cassandre was a painter, commercial poster artist and typeface designer. His inventive graphic techniques show influences of Surrealism and Cubism and became very popular in Europe and the US during the s. He was a teacher as well as an artist and led courses at both the École des Arts Décoratifs and the École d'Art Graphique in and He and several other partners formed the advertising agency Alliance Graphiqe, which worked for a broad client base throughout the s.
One of his most well recognized posters was the Normandie Poster and while his primary success stemmed from designing posters he also designed magazine covers, advertisements, logos and typefaces. In he designed the typeface Peignot for the Deberny & Peignot type foundry in Paris, France. He joined the French army during the German invasion of World War II, after the devastating effects of the war he found work designing sets for ballet and theater production. In , after a severe battle with depression, he ended his own life.
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